## 杰夫·贝佐斯是如何让《华盛顿邮报》衰落的
How Jeff Bezos Brought Down the Washington Post

原始链接: https://www.newyorker.com/news/annals-of-communications/how-jeff-bezos-brought-down-the-washington-post

根据媒体资深人士的观察,华盛顿邮报正面临危机,而纽约时报则蓬勃发展。纽约时报成功地通过游戏、应用程序和购物等方式实现多元化,到2025年将达到1300万数字订阅用户和显著利润,而华盛顿邮报则在约250万数字订阅用户和内部动荡中挣扎。 前《邮报》执行主编伦纳德·多尼将问题归因于杰夫·贝佐斯收购后的糟糕领导选择,具体批评了一位缺乏创新意识的出版商。现任和前员工对贝佐斯对这种领导层的容忍感到“不解”。 大量关键记者流向竞争对手,如《纽约时报》、CNN和《华尔街日报》,进一步削弱了《邮报》。尽管政治报道依然强劲,尤其是在唐纳德·特朗普方面,《邮报》的纸质版已大幅缩减,人们对在资源减少的情况下高质量新闻业的可持续性越来越担忧。资深专栏作家萨莉·詹金斯痛心地将这些削减描述为“砍伐树的根”,担心该机构的未来。

## 贝佐斯治下的《华盛顿邮报》:摘要 一篇最近的《纽约客》文章,在Hacker News上讨论,详细说明了杰夫·贝佐斯的所有权最终导致《华盛顿邮报》大幅削减开支。虽然该报在特朗普时期获得了财务增长,但随后开始出现巨额亏损——2024年达到1亿美元——贝佐斯不愿继续资助。 这导致了两轮裁员(2023年和2025年),新闻编辑室规模从1000多人缩减到800人以下。评论员认为《邮报》的困境源于多种复杂因素:新闻转向在线以及对免费内容的期望,社交媒体和搜索引擎的统治地位,以及该报政治立场可能发生变化导致订阅用户流失。 值得注意的是,《纽约时报》被呈现为一个对比鲜明的成功案例,通过流行游戏(如Wordle)和保持订阅用户增长而蓬勃发展。许多人认为,贝佐斯作为在线商业的先驱,本应能够更好地驾驭数字环境,并质疑将利润置于维护这份历史报纸之上是否是核心问题。
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原文

Downie, who served as executive editor from 1991 to 2008, contrasted the paths of the Times and the Post. During the past decade, the Times transformed itself into a one-stop-shopping environment that lured readers with games such as Spelling Bee, a cooking app, and a shopping guide. By the end of 2025, it was reporting close to thirteen million digital subscribers and an operating profit of more than a hundred and ninety-two million dollars. The Post does not release information about its digital subscribers, but it was reported to have two and a half million digital subscribers at the time of the non-endorsement decision, in 2024.

“One of the big differences to me was that they hired a publisher”—Ryan—“who didn’t come up with any ideas,” Downie told me. “And then when he left . . . we knew that Bezos was losing money, and we were encouraged by the fact that they were looking for somebody who could improve the business side of the paper and the circulation side of the paper. And then they chose this guy who we hardly ever heard from, who had a checkered past in British journalism.”

Writing last month on a private Listserv for former Post employees, Paul Farhi, who as the media reporter for the Post covered Bezos’s acquisition of the paper, shared his “utter mystification and bafflement” about Bezos’s tolerance of Lewis. “Even as a hands-off boss,” he wondered, “could Bezos not see what was obvious to even casual observers within a few months of Will’s arrival—that Will was ill-suited to the Post, that he had alienated the newsroom, that he had an ethically suspect past, and—most important—that none of his big ideas was working or even being implemented?” (Farhi, who took a buyout in 2023, gave me permission to quote his message.)

Even before these new cuts, a parade of key staffers had left the Post. A beloved managing editor, Matea Gold, went to the Times. The national editor, Philip Rucker, decamped to CNN, and the political reporter Josh Dawsey to the Wall Street Journal. The Atlantic hired, among others, three stars of the paper’s White House team: Ashley Parker, Michael Scherer, and Toluse Olorunnipa. These are losses that would take years to rebuild—if the Post were in a rebuilding mode. The Post, Woodward said, “lives and is doing an extraordinary reporting job on the political crisis that is Donald Trump”—including its scoop on the second strike to kill survivors of an attack on an alleged Venezuelan drug boat. But the print edition is a shadow of its former self, with metro, style, and sports melded into an anemic second section; daily print circulation is now below one hundred thousand. More pressingly, it’s unclear whether a newsroom so stripped of resources can sustain the quality of its work.

The sports columnist Sally Jenkins, who left the Post in August, 2025, as part of the second wave of buyouts, has been more supportive of management than many other Post veterans. So it was striking that, when we spoke recently, she was both passionate about the work of her newsroom colleagues and unsparing about how the business side had failed them. “When you whack at these sections, you’re whacking at the roots of the tree,” she told me. “We train great journalists in every section of the paper, and we train them to cover every subject on the globe. And when you whack whole sections of people away, you are really, really in danger of killing the whole tree.” When I asked how she felt about the losses, Jenkins said, “My heart is cracked in about five different pieces.”

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