互联网运行于免费和开源软件之上—

互联网运行于免费和开源软件之上——DNS也是如此。
The Internet runs on free and open source software and so does the DNS

原始链接: https://www.icann.org/en/blogs/details/the-internet-runs-on-free-and-open-source-softwareand-so-does-the-dns-23-10-2025-en

一份来自ICANN安全与稳定咨询委员会（SSAC）的新报告，题为SAC132，强调了自由开源软件（FOSS）在驱动域名系统（DNS）——互联网的基础寻址系统——中的关键且常常被忽视的作用。随着世界各国政府制定新的网络安全法规，SSAC强调需要了解FOSS在DNS运营中的普遍存在。该报告为政策制定者提供了一份非技术性指南，深入探讨了DNS、FOSS开发模式，以及对美国、英国和欧盟现有及拟议法规的评估。 SAC132提供了切实的建议，旨在通过支持和保护FOSS生态系统来加强而非阻碍互联网安全和韧性。SSAC鼓励政策制定者、技术专家和利益相关者参与，以确保所有人都能拥有强大、可持续和开放的互联网。完整报告可在ICANN84上查阅和讨论。

## 互联网的开源基础最近的ICANN报告指出，域名系统（DNS），互联网的关键组成部分，严重依赖于自由和开源软件（FOSS）。这在Hacker News上引发了关于互联网起源及其非商业化开端的讨论。许多评论员指出，互联网的基础协议是通过政府资助和学术合作开发的，这与纯粹商业开发的常见误解形成对比。他们指出，如果没有这种开放的方式，我们可能会拥有碎片化的专有网络，而不是统一的互联网。对话还涉及DNS基础设施的集中化，人们对依赖像Cloudflare和AWS这样的大公司表示担忧，尽管它们使用FOSS。一些人提倡替代的去中心化系统，如基于区块链的域名，而另一些人则强调维护核心协议的不同实现的重要性，以避免单点故障。最终，这场讨论强调了利他合作和开源原则在构建和维持互联网方面的重要作用，而这些作用往往未被充分认识。

原文

Free and open-source software (FOSS) is not merely common on the Internet; it is a deeply embedded and essential foundation of the Domain Name System (DNS), the backbone of how we connect online.

The ICANN Security and Stability Advisory Committee (SSAC) is pleased to announce the publication of SAC132: The Domain Name System Runs on Free and Open Source Software (FOSS).

Why This Matters Now

As governments around the world explore new cybersecurity regulations, the ubiquity of FOSS in DNS operations—from domain registration to retrieval—means that policy decisions made today will have direct implications for the Internet's security and resilience tomorrow. SAC132 provides timely, nontechnical guidance to ensure that new policy and regulation serve to strengthen, rather than inadvertently weaken, this critical infrastructure.

Key Insights for Policymakers

SAC132 is a foundational guide designed to empower policymakers to strategically manage and sustain the FOSS ecosystem. The report provides:

Clear Foundations – An accessible overview of the DNS and the FOSS development model for nontechnical audiences.
Policy Assessment – Analysis of cybersecurity regulations in the United States, United Kingdom, and European Union, with a focus on how they account for FOSS in the DNS ecosystem.
Practical Guidance – Concrete findings and recommendations to help policymakers support and secure FOSS as a cornerstone of global connectivity.

We invite all policymakers, technical experts, and stakeholders to read the full report.

A Call to Engage

By publishing SAC132, SSAC seeks to raise awareness of the indispensable role of FOSS in maintaining a secure, stable, and resilient Internet. We invite policymakers, technical experts, and all stakeholders to read the full report and join us in conversations about its findings.

You can engage with SSAC and the broader community at ICANN84, whether in Dublin or by participating remotely. Together, we can ensure that the FOSS ecosystem—and the Internet it supports—remains strong, sustainable, and open for all.

Finally, we thank all SSAC members and invited experts who contributed to this work, especially co-chairs Maarten Aertsen and Barry Leiba, for their leadership.