人工智能可以编写代码,但不能构建软件。
AI can code, but it can't build software

原始链接: https://bytesauna.com/post/coding-vs-software-engineering

作者收到大量请求,来自有强大商业想法但缺乏技术专长的人,他们寻求技术联合创始人或CTO。这种激增并非 GenAI 兴起所致,而是*因为* GenAI 而起——凸显了人工智能*目前还不能*做的事情。 虽然人工智能擅长*编码*——解决孤立的问题——但它在*软件工程*方面遇到困难:构建完整、可维护和可扩展的产品。当从功能演示过渡到生产就绪的应用程序时,差距就会显现。 软件工程的核心挑战在于管理复杂性——将众多简单功能整合到一个连贯的、长期的系统中。当前的人工智能模型可以展示功能,但难以满足现实世界软件开发的整体需求。本质上,这些请求表明,将“感觉编码的应用程序”转化为可行产品,通常需要完全重建,这表明人工智能在基本代码生成之外的当前局限性。

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原文

Have you noticed that quite a few people are looking for technical cofounders or CTOs right now? I, for one, get a surprising amount of these queries; most of them along the lines of “hey, I have this vibe-coded app, would you like to make it production-ready”. I have sort of a profile for these people. Think someone who knows their business but has always lacked the technical skills to make their ideas happen — a legal counsel, perhaps, or an account manager.

Why would these people need me? That's what I've thought about a little bit, and I think there is an important signal here: What is it exactly that they can’t get done with GenAI alone? This is something everyone is trying to understand, right? Everyone wants to know what these models can do. Or, to be a little blunt, everyone wants to know which jobs are soon to become obsolete. The fact that I get these requests says something about software engineering. I mean, if software engineering was automated, no one would be looking for technical cofounders.

Well, I think I know why we get these proposals. The thing is that AI can code, but it can't build software. This is the conclusion I've come to after spending a significant amount of time writing AI-assisted code and watching demos by other people.

There is old wisdom that says: Coding is easy, software engineering is hard. It seems fair enough to say that LLMs are already able to automate a lot of coding. GPT-5 and the like solve isolated well-defined problems with a pretty nice success rate. Coding, however, is not what most people are getting paid for. Building a production-ready app is not coding, it’s software engineering.

The way I see it is that coding becomes software engineering around the point where you try to turn your demo into a real product — which happens to be exactly the point where these people reach out to you with their pitch.

I don’t really know why AI can't build software (for now). Maybe it has to do with the nature of the job. When you write software for a living, your main task is to deal with complexity. The average production software only does a bunch of easy things. The challenge is doing hundreds of these easy things at once, and keeping the whole thing maintainable. Or, to rephrase this in the present context: It's one thing to demonstrate a feature. It's a much more difficult thing to build that feature in a manner that supports integration, expansion, and long-term maintainability.

When you look at the code these people send you, you realize that “making the app production-ready” really means torching the whole thing and starting from scratch.

I think this says a lot about where we are at right now.

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