BBC Micro:你肯定拥有的设备的祖先
BBC Micro, ancestor to ARM

原始链接: https://retrogamecoders.com/bbc-micro-the-ancestor-to-a-device-you-are-guaranteed-to-own/

这篇内容怀念着BBC Master,一款20世纪80年代的家用电脑,对英国一代人的计算机素养至关重要。它在政府的大力投资下开发,旨在防止英国在蓬勃发展的科技领域落后,BBC Micro——特别是更高级的Master型号——尽管最初价格不菲,却成为了学校里的常见设备。 有趣的是,BBC Micro的幕后团队还发明了ARM架构,现在为全球大多数移动设备提供动力。作者的个人BBC Master,配备软盘驱动器和鼠标,代表着对这个关键时代的怀旧联系。 他们的学校只有有限的访问权限——一台BBC电脑供所有学生共享——但对雄心勃勃的末日项目(Domesday Project)的简短尝试展示了这款机器的潜力。与在其他地方流行的Commodore PET(加拿大)和Apple II(美国)相比,BBC Micro提供了更优秀的BASIC语言和扩展能力,对体验过它的人产生了持久的影响。

## BBC Micro 与 ARM 崛起:摘要 一篇 Hacker News 的讨论围绕着 1980 年代英国的家用电脑 BBC Micro,以及它与如今无处不在的 ARM 处理器的出人意料的渊源。由 Acorn Computers 制造的 BBC Micro 为 Acorn RISC Machine (ARM) 铺平了道路,类似于 IBM PC 与 Intel/x86 之间的关系。 BBC Micro 最初使用 6502 处理器,但 Acorn 设计 ARM 的目标是提高性能,特别是更快地运行 BBC BASIC。ARM 的设计深受 6502 的影响,早期开发包括在 BBC Micro 上模拟 ARM。 评论员强调了 Acorn/BBC 关系(Acorn 设计和制造)与 IBM/Intel 关系(Intel 作为组件供应商)之间的关键区别。他们还讨论了 Acorn 后来的 Archimedes 机器,以及该公司尽管在竞争激烈的 80/90 年代电脑市场面临挑战,但最终获得了 ARM 的成功。最终,讨论强调了 BBC Micro 在 ARM 开发中的基础作用,而 ARM 现在为全球数十亿设备提供动力。
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原文

Meet my BBC Master, plus 5 1/4″ floppy disk drive, and three-button mouse

ARM-based chips are found in nearly 60 percent of the world’s mobile devices

Introducing the “Beeb” – the inventors of the ARM architecture used these machines to simulate and develop chip designs. Those chips are now in every home and business.

This particular machine is my BBC Master, plus 5 1/4″ floppy disk drive, and three-button mouse. Isn’t she a beauty?

Like many microcomputers of the 1980s, the BBC Micro ran on a 6502 series microchip. Unlike most of the competition, however, the BBC had the best BASIC programming language by far and arguably the best expansion capabilities.

I was a bit nervous plugging all of this in because almost none of my retro computers have been switched on in the couple of years since we moved back to England from Canada.

The CRT TV has been in cold, damp shed since I was gifted it by a member of the York makerspace.

Since we got the workshop and I fitted the loft out with insulation-friendly boards, I finally have space to get stuff out of storage and onto my bench!

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This owl logo was everywhere in school computer labs and on educational TV programming.

That TV programming is where the BBC part of the name came in. Yes, the same BBC that was responsible for television and radio entertainment in the UK.

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In the early 1980s the UK government was concerned that the Kingdom might get left behind by the computer age so they invested a fortune into standardised computer education, programming, and IT grants, to ensure a generation of computer literate kids.

They succeeded for the most part, and the hardware that won the bidding war was actually excellent. Unfortunately, being government-backed, only the most wealthy families and schools could afford the equipment unless heavily subsidised.

My Junior school (from ages 7-11 years old) had only one BBC computer. A teacher was an enthusiast so for a short time he might also bring in his ZX Spectrum, but officially the entire school had one computer to share between all the teachers and kids.

We did briefly get a BBC on loan for data entry. The target computer was to be a Master like the one I own now, but with a laser disk drive. This was for an ambitious project called the Domesday Project. Unfortunately the machine went back home before we got to see the fruits of our efforts.

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The Master series featured several improvements over earlier BBC Micro models. Rather than the MOS Technology 6502 microprocessor used by the Model B, Master series models used the slightly improved 65C12.[4] Fabricated using CMOS technology, the 65C12 used less power than the 6502 and offered somewhat better performance, reportedly “almost as fast” as the original 3 MHz 6502 second processor for the BBC Micro.[5] The systems had 128 KB of dynamic RAM as standard, alleviating the shortage of available RAM which had previously discouraged use of the display modes offering the highest quality graphics on earlier models

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From talking to friends around the world, and watching retro YouTube channels, it seems that in Canada Commodore PET was a popular choice in schools, along with the Apple II which seems to have dominated in the USA.

What did your school have as lab or classroom computers, if at all?

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