全球咖啡贸易可视化

全球咖啡贸易可视化
Visualizing The Global Coffee Trade

原始链接: https://www.zerohedge.com/commodities/visualizing-global-coffee-trade

世界各地的咖啡之旅世界各地的咖啡爱好者都不知道如何创造出他们日常生活中饮用的一杯完美的芳香混合物。然而，让我们深入探讨连接全球农民、贸易商、烘焙师、咖啡师和消费者的咖啡贸易的迷人领域。本报告展示了查塔姆研究所资源 trade.earth 平台的数据如何揭示 2019 年全球咖啡贸易的一些重要见解。主要咖啡出口国全球近 84% 的咖啡豆出口来自十个国家，每个国家都位于热带地区之间的“咖啡豆带”内。其中最突出的国家是巴西、委内瑞拉和哥伦比亚，占据了榜单前三位。这些南美巨头合计占出口总额的近 42%。与此同时，亚洲邻国印度尼西亚和越南合计占 23% 左右，其次是乌干达、洪都拉斯、危地马拉、秘鲁等较小的非洲生产国，合计占 18%。最大的咖啡豆进口国美国是世界上进口生咖啡豆或生咖啡豆数量最多的国家。年进口量超过 150 万吨，几乎占全球贸易总量的 20%。欧洲大陆紧随其后，主要以德国（14%）和意大利（8%）为首。除了本身是咖啡鉴赏家之外，东亚大国日本还是该地区的主要中心，在全球咖啡豆采购总量中占据约 6% 的份额。不断增长的需求和不断变化的流程随着越来越受欢迎，全球咖啡贸易无疑将经历巨大的供需波动。此外，气候变化对现有咖啡种植园构成严重威胁，同时影响质量和数量。然而，尽管存在这些紧迫因素，咖啡因消费的故事仍然是一个值得讲述的故事，因为它涉及跨越全球无数相互关联的经济体的复杂系统。

原文

From drip coffees to decadent lattes, every cup of coffee begins its journey from the humble coffee bean. A massive global coffee trade moves these beans from farms in one country to cafes in another.

In this piece, Airi Ryu uses data from Chatham House’s resourcetrade.earth to track the global trade of unroasted and non-decaffeinated coffee beans in 2019, highlighting the world’s top coffee exporters and importers.

The Biggest Exporters in the Global Coffee Trade

Close to 84% of the world’s coffee bean exports come from just 10 countries.

All these countries are found in the “Bean Belt” between the Tropic of Cancer and the Tropic of Capricorn where coffee grows best. These top coffee-producing nations include Brazil, Vietnam, and Colombia.

Here are the top coffee exporting nations in 2019:

The South American nations of Brazil, Colombia, and Peru export nearly 42% of the global coffee beans. Brazil exported over 2.2 million tonnes in 2019 alone, more than a quarter of the global coffee trade.

Across the Pacific, Vietnam and Indonesia together exported 23.4% of the world’s coffee beans in 2019. Other major exporters include the Central American nations of Honduras and Guatemala, which combined for 8.7% of global coffee bean exports, and the African nations Uganda and Ethiopia with 6.7% combined.

Biggest Coffee Bean Importers, By Country

On the other side of the global coffee trade are nations with high demand for coffee dominating import shares. Many of these importing nations also re-export coffee beans to other parts of the world under their own local brands.

Here are the top coffee importing nations in 2019:

The U.S. is the largest importer of coffee beans in the world, bringing in 1.5 million tonnes of unroasted coffee beans in 2019, equivalent to 19.3% of all exports that year. While Brazil and Colombia are its biggest sources of coffee, beans imported from Asia and Central America also thrive thanks to a strong specialty coffee culture.

Europe is also a massive destination for coffee bean exports. Germany led the way with 14.2% of global coffee imports, while Italy accounted for 8.3%.

A brewing coffee culture in Japan has made the country a major player in the global coffee trade. In 2019, Japan was the fourth-largest coffee bean importer in the world and far and away the leading importer in Asia.

As the desire for coffee continues to permeate throughout the world, and as climate change puts a strain on coffee production (and vice versa), the flows of coffee beans are sure to change in the coming decades.