苹果快捷指令正在掉入“自动化鸿沟”。
Apple Shortcuts is falling into "the automation gap"

原始链接: https://sixcolors.com/link/2025/03/shortcuts-is-falling-into-the-automation-gap/

John Voorhees 指出 Apple 的快捷指令 (Shortcuts) 在 Mac 上的进展令人失望,它并没有成为最初设想中的自动化利器。快捷指令并没有取代 AppleScript,反而常常依赖 AppleScript 以及其他工具,例如 Keyboard Maestro 和 Python 来弥补其功能缺失,从而导致创建出复杂的多层级自动化流程,而这些流程在 iOS 上根本无法实现。Voorhees 指出这种需要变通方法的荒谬之处,甚至创建了一些快捷指令,其本质上只是脚本的包装器,这与 Automator 最初的目的类似。尽管 App Intents 具有潜力,但快捷指令应用本身的局限性和不稳定性仍然是一个巨大的障碍。由于诸如 if-else-if 语句之类的条件逻辑仍然很笨拙,Voorhees 表达了他日渐减少的耐心,并强调 Apple 最初所说的“多年开发流程”的说法,在近四年进展缓慢之后已经站不住脚了。他担心快捷指令与其说是真正的自动化解决方案,不如说更像是一种权宜之计。

Hacker News 上的一个讨论围绕着 Apple 的快捷指令 app 的局限性和潜力展开。许多用户认为它陷入了“自动化鸿沟”,对普通用户来说过于复杂,而对高级用户来说又不够强大。抱怨之处从有限的触发器和操作到 bug 和不一致性,无所不包。有人指出安全问题可能是限制的原因,但也有人认为 Apple 优先考虑其生态系统而非用户赋能。 尽管存在诸多不满,一些用户仍然发现快捷指令对于某些特定任务很有用,例如随机更换壁纸、切换设置或通过 SSH 或 API 与外部服务集成。该 app 在家庭自动化方面的潜力也受到了讨论。一些人将快捷指令与 Android 的 Tasker 进行不利比较,指出 Tasker 虽然功能更强大,但学习曲线也更陡峭。总体而言,人们认为快捷指令由于 Apple 在理念和实践上的局限性而未能发挥其潜力。

原文

John Voorhees, writing on Club MacStories (subscription required):

Nearly three years ago, I wrote AppleScript: Shortcuts Bridge or Crutch?, questioning whether accessing AppleScript via Shortcuts on the Mac was a feature to be celebrated or a red flag, fearing that Apple would use the integration to postpone or never release many of the system-level actions that were missing from Shortcuts’ debut on the Mac.

As I put it then, “if Shortcuts is to become the default way to automate tasks on the Mac, there needs to be steady, yearly progress to make macOS and its default system apps as Shortcuts-friendly as possible. There’s a role for AppleScript to play in Shortcuts that won’t go away anytime soon, but not as a way to fill the potholes left by missing Shortcuts actions.”

Shortcuts’ progress on the Mac has been anything but steady and yearly.

A few days ago, while writing my Podcast Notes update, I realized that I had (inadvertently?) created an automation that begins with a Stream Deck keypress that executes a Keyboard Maestro macro that kicks off a JavaScript script in Audio Hijack that runs an AppleScript applet that executes a Shortcuts shortcut. In recent days I’ve also edited shortcuts that run Python and AppleScript scripts, including some where the shortcut is really nothing more than a Mac UI-friendly wrapper around a bare script, much in the same way you can use Automator as a simple wrapper around AppleScript scripts.

That all these things are possible on the Mac is amazing, and it’s a testament to how flexible and powerful the Mac can be. But it also says something quite profound about how little progress Apple has made with Shortcuts on the Mac (or in general) in the last few years. (And of course, all these workarounds fail on iOS entirely.)

Maybe the drive toward App Intents will help make Shortcuts more powerful and less reliant on tools like AppleScript, Keyboard Maestro, and the rest. But even that isn’t enough, since the Shortcuts app is way too rickety and limited. Just the other day, Dan Moren said to me, “I was working on a shortcut and I needed an if-else-if statement,” and we both began laughing because conditionals are just so bad in Shortcuts.

Apple gave itself a lot of leeway by declaring that Shortcuts was the “beginning of a years-long process” to make Shortcuts the “future of automation on the Mac.” But that was almost four years ago. There’s not a lot of leeway left for me to give.

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