Sub-Saharan Africa Becomes New Child-Labor Hostpot

Sub-Saharan Africa Becomes New Child-Labor Hostpot
Sub-Saharan Africa Becomes New Child-Labor Hostpot

原始链接: https://www.zerohedge.com/geopolitical/sub-saharan-africa-becomes-new-child-labor-hostpot

2020年，全球约有1.6亿5-17岁儿童从事童工，其中约7900万儿童从事威胁其健康的危险工作。据国际劳工组织 (ILO) 称，这一问题在撒哈拉以南非洲地区最为严重，估计有超过 8660 万儿童在低于最低年龄的情况下工作，从事危险任务，并遭受各种形式的奴役或剥削。自2008年以来，这里的童工数量增加了近33%。这一增长预计将持续下去，在 2020 年至 2030 年间将再增长 4%。相比之下，亚洲及太平洋地区、拉丁美洲和加勒比地区等地区在此期间分别减少了 53% 和 42%。虽然强迫劳动统计数据与童工总数相比存在差异，但值得注意的是，只有约 330 万儿童属于国际劳工组织和美国劳工部定义的强迫劳动类别。全球大约 70% 的童工发生在农业领域，其中约一半涉及商业性剥削。

原文

160 million children aged between 5 and 17 worked in child labor in 2020, 79 million of which in hazardous work actively endangering their physical and mental health, according to a report by the International Labour Organization (ILO).

As Statista's Florian Zandt shows in the following chart - based on historical and current estimates as well as trend projections - more than half of child laborers were concentrated in one region.

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The latest available data suggests that in 2020, 86.6 million underage workers in in Sub-Saharan Africa were active in "employment below the minimum age as established in national legislation, hazardous unpaid household services, and the worst forms of child labor: all forms of slavery or practices similar to slavery" as defined by the ILO and cited by the U.S. Department of Labor.

Compared to the other main geographical regions with a high prevalence of child labor, Asia and the Pacific and Latin America and the Caribbean, the amount of child laborers increased by 33 percent since 2008. The figure is projected to rise by four percent between 2020 and 2030, even considering positive trends in reducing child labor.

In Asian countries like India, Bangladesh or China, the number of children working in unsafe working environments or being employed illegally according to the minimum age for joining the respective country's workforce has more than halved since 2008, while Latin America and the Caribbean saw a reduction by six million individuals or 42 percent.

ILO figures for forced labor, which stood at 28 million people in 2022, might contradict child labor data on the surface.

However, not every child laborer is technically forced into work; the ILO estimates that about 3.3 million children worldwide are subjected to forced labor, which is defined as "all work or service exacted from any person under the menace of any penalty and for which the said person has not offered himself voluntarily".

70 percent of child laborers worldwide are employed in the agricultural sector.

In the underage forced labor segment, which is a subset of child labor, about half of the children are commercially sexually exploited.