荷兰政府基于 NixOS 构建微软替代方案

荷兰政府基于 NixOS 构建微软替代方案
Dutch governments builds alternative for Microsoft based on NixOS

DAWO（数字化自主办公空间）是一个致力于为荷兰政府打造安全、透明且数字化自主IT基础设施的开放社区。通过促进政府、企业与社会之间的协作，DAWO旨在摆脱单一庞大的系统，转向模块化、可验证的开源蓝图。该倡议聚焦于五大核心价值：数字自主、协作知识共享、增强安全性、创新以及系统可验证性。其技术框架由可互换的构建模块组成，涵盖从人工智能、操作系统到云基础设施和通信工具等各个方面，且均可进行独立审查与更换。 DAWO是一个协作生态系统，而非自上而下的项目。它邀请公共和私人部门的参与者通过其成员门户，以贡献代码、文档、试点项目和参与讨论的方式加入。通过优先采用开放技术，DAWO确保了荷兰政府的数字化办公环境能够保持安全、高效，并对公众完全负责。

荷兰政府正通过其 DAWO（数字化自主工作空间）项目，利用 NixOS 开发替代微软软件的方案。该计划旨在提升数字化自主权，并减少对美国大型科技公司的依赖，许多参与者认为这些公司日益霸道，且正陷入“劣质化”循环。 Hacker News 上的讨论集中在以下几个核心主题： * **数字主权：** 参与者赞扬了向开源及政府可控基础设施转型的举措，指出依赖外国专有软件在隐私、追踪以及因制裁导致服务中断等方面存在重大风险。 * **对微软的批评：** 讨论重点在于对微软激进的遥测机制、无处不在的广告，以及 Windows 和 Teams 等产品中基于订阅制的“劣质化”趋势感到不满。 * **NixOS 作为解决方案：** 尽管用户承认 NixOS 学习曲线陡峭，但他们强调其声明式和可复现的特性非常适合政府规模的部署，这对于集中式配置管理至关重要。 * **挑战：** 反对者和怀疑论者指出，取代微软 Office 生态系统依然是一项重大障碍，因为政府与外部方的互操作性往往需要使用标准格式和平台，而这些领域目前仍偏向专有软件。

原文

Working together on a digitally autonomous workplace for the Dutch government

A DAWO working session: someone presenting beside a screen and a flip chart, with fourteen participants seated at tables around them.

What DAWO stands for

DAWO brings public values and technology together. The community pursues five primary goals.

Digital autonomy

Strengthening the digital autonomy of the Netherlands.

Collaboration

Improving collaboration and knowledge sharing between governments and society.

Security

Safeguarding security and data protection.

Innovation

Encouraging innovation and more efficient ways of working.

Verifiability

Making government IT systems easier to inspect and verify.

An open workplace is made of replaceable building blocks

Not one single product, but separate building blocks that work together. Every part can be inspected and replaced.

AI (opens in a new tab)

Open and verifiable AI building blocks for the digital workplace.

Operating system (opens in a new tab)

DAWO-NixOS and installation building blocks for a reproducible workplace.

Cloud (opens in a new tab)

Building blocks for autonomous and verifiable cloud infrastructure.

Collaboration (opens in a new tab)

Open solutions for communication, documents and working together.

See the full blueprint

Events, news and taking part

The calendar, the latest news, the blog and the forum are on the member portal. Everything is public, and that is also where you sign up.

Not for the community. With the community.

DAWO brings government, industry and open source together. Public and private build the same blueprint here. You can take part through conversations, code, documentation, pilots and events.

Take part