WhatCable:了解您的 USB-C 线缆功能
WhatCable: Know what your USB-C cable can do

原始链接: https://www.whatcable.uk/

WhatCable 是一款免费、开源的诊断工具,专为搭载 Apple Silicon(M1 或后续芯片)的 Mac 设计。它能提供有关 USB-C 和雷雳(Thunderbolt)线缆的详细信息,包括电子标签(e-marker)数据、协商速率以及供电信息。 **主要功能:** * **注重隐私:** 该应用不进行任何遥测或数据追踪。所有数据的共享均完全出于自愿。 * **性能检测:** 它通过对比实际硬件协商情况来验证线缆性能,帮助用户识别潜在问题。 * **免费版与专业版:** 基础版免费且基于 MIT 协议开源。用户可选择一次性支付 9.99 英镑购买“WhatCable Pro”,解锁高级功能,包括功率测量、线缆历史记录以及最多两个设备的端口健康监控。 * **兼容性:** 支持 19 种语言,并自动遵循您的系统设置。 **兼容性说明:** WhatCable 不支持英特尔(Intel)芯片的 Mac,因为这些系统无法获取所需的端口控制器数据。如果线缆显示无数据,可能是因为线缆缺少电子标签芯片,或者由于功耗需求较低,macOS 未对其进行查询。该应用提供“信任信号”来标记可疑的线缆规格,但无法绝对判定线缆是否为假冒产品。

这篇 Hacker News 讨论强调了识别 USB-C 线缆真实性能所面临的挑战。用户经常依赖廉价的消费级测试仪(如 Treedix 等品牌)来对收藏的线缆进行分类,并验证基本的 eMarker 数据。 然而,该讨论串引发了关于这些设备准确性的技术争议。批评者认为,这些售价 40 美元的工具并不能进行真正的“硬件测试”;它们只是读取线缆内置 eMarker 芯片提供的数字声明,而这些声明可能是错误或虚假的。若要根据经验验证高速(如 USB4 或雷电)下的信号完整性,理论上需要价值 1.5 万至数十万美元的专业级示波器。 虽然一些用户认为消费级测试仪足以满足实际需求(例如区分仅充电线缆和数据线缆),但另一些人建议,避免“线缆混乱”的唯一方法是仅购买知名制造商的产品。最终,参与者一致认为,当前的各种市场标准使得消费者难以且昂贵地验证包装上标注的性能声明,这往往导致他们除了信任制造商或丢弃不可靠的线缆外,别无选择。
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原文

Does it work on Intel Macs?

No. WhatCable needs Apple Silicon (M1 or later). This is measured, not assumed: every Intel Mac in our community diagnostic data reports its USB-C port controllers as empty, so the USB-PD state and cable e-marker data WhatCable is built on never appear on those machines at all. Thunderbolt link data is still there on Intel, but the port-controller layer WhatCable reads is not.

Is it really free?

Yes. The WhatCable app is free and open source under the MIT licence. No ads, no tracking. WhatCable Pro (£9.99, optional) adds advanced diagnostics for power users. See what's included.

What does WhatCable Pro add?

Pro unlocks 16 advanced features including cable history (named cables with a recorded timeline), live power metering, Negotiation and Display Diagnostics, port health counters, PD contract inspection, and raw VDO identity. One-time £9.99, no subscription, works on up to 2 Macs. See full features and comparison.

Does it phone home or collect data?

No analytics, no telemetry, and nothing about you or your cables ever leaves your Mac. In the free app the one routine network call is a version check against the public GitHub Releases API, roughly every 6 hours. WhatCable Pro adds one more: a licence check when you activate your key, then once each time the app launches. That call sends only the key and your Mac's hardware UUID, which is how the two-Mac limit is enforced. Diagnostic data only goes anywhere if you explicitly choose to contribute it. Check the source on GitHub if you want to verify.

Does WhatCable just read the e-marker?

Not only. On a plain USB connection the cable's e-marker chip is all macOS exposes, so that is what WhatCable shows. But on a Thunderbolt or USB4 connection it goes further: it reads the speed the Mac's controller actually negotiated with the cable and shows it next to the e-marker's claim, so a cable that under-reports itself is caught. The measured speed is a floor, meaning at least this fast, so a genuine 10 Gbps cable that never forms a Thunderbolt link really is 10 Gbps.

Why does my cable show no e-marker data?

Two reasons. Either the cable has no e-marker chip (cheap USB 2.0 cables and many cables rated at 3A or below don't have one), or it has a chip but macOS hasn't read it. macOS only asks a cable to identify itself when the connection needs it: a charge drawing more than 3A (a 5A cable on a high-wattage charger), or a Thunderbolt / USB4 link. Plug a marked cable into a low-power charger or a plain data connection and macOS may never query it, so there's nothing for WhatCable to show. To force the read, connect the cable to a high-wattage charger or a Thunderbolt device.

Can it tell me if a cable is fake?

Not definitively. The trust signals feature flags values that look unusual against the USB-PD spec, like a zero vendor ID or reserved bit patterns. A flag means "worth checking," not "definitely counterfeit."

What languages is WhatCable available in?

19, and the diagnostic verdicts are translated too, not just the menus: Armenian, Brazilian Portuguese, Dutch, English, French, German, Hindi, Italian, Japanese, Korean, Latvian, Norwegian, Polish, Russian, Simplified Chinese, Spanish, Traditional Chinese, Turkish, and Ukrainian. WhatCable follows your Mac's language by default, or you can pick one in Settings. Translations are community-refinable, so if something reads oddly in your language, open an issue and we'll fix it.

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