我正要把手机从 Android 换成 Linux。
I'm switching my phone from Android to Linux

原始链接: https://runarcn.no/android-to-linux/

由于对谷歌日益严格的限制、侵入式追踪以及 AOSP 的衰落感到失望,作者决定将手中的 Fairphone 4 从 Android 系统迁移到 Linux。 在尝试了多个移动端 Linux 发行版后,作者最终选择了 SailfishOS,并对其基于手势的导航、纯正的 Linux 使用体验以及通过 SSH 管理设备的能力表示赞赏。然而,这次迁移并非一帆风顺。SailfishOS 在 Fairphone 上存在库版本过旧以及 Waydroid 支持失效的问题;而作为主要替代方案的 Ubuntu Touch,则缺乏必要的易用性功能和成熟的原生应用。 由于某些关键服务(如银行、政府验证和打车软件)仍依赖 Android,作者保留了一台备用手机作为“热点”设备来处理这些特定任务。尽管面临技术障碍且需要携带备用机,作者依然致力于 Linux 生态,甚至考虑未来更换为 Jolla 官方设备。作者将此次迁移视为一个持续的过程,旨在减少对 Android 的依赖,并推动实现更大的数字主权。

这篇 Hacker News 讨论探讨了从 Android/iOS 转向移动 Linux 所面临的挑战,反映了人们对“双头垄断”以及谷歌对 Android 生态系统日益加强的控制所产生的普遍不满。 **主要观点包括:** * **Google Play 服务是主要障碍:** 用户认为 Android 的核心操作系统本身性能尚可,但 Google Play 服务已成为一种无法避开的“闭源”层,强制进行追踪并阻碍了用户对设备的真正掌控。 * **“围墙花园”问题:** 许多核心服务(如银行、政府电子证件和交通应用)依赖于特定的专有应用程序,这些应用利用 SafetyNet 或 Play Integrity 检测并拦截非标准设备或已获取 Root 权限的设备。这使得许多人难以将 Linux 手机作为“主力机”使用。 * **硬件与用户体验差距:** 除了软件之外,Linux 手机在相机优化、电源管理和专有键盘“黑科技”(如预测文本)方面仍落后于主流设备。 * **拟议解决方案:** 建议包括在处理日常任务时使用“功能机”,同时保留一台 Android 设备处理受限应用;或是向政府施压,强制推行开放的、基于 Web 标准的银行服务。 * **“折腾者”的视角:** 尽管一些发烧友在 postmarketOS 或 Librem 5 等项目中取得了成功,但大多数人认为,对于普通消费者而言,目前仍无法获得真正可替代移动双头垄断的方案。
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原文
I'm switching my phone from Android to Linux. – runarcn.no

For the past months or even years, I've become more and more dissatisfied with the path Google has taken with the Android Open Source Project (AOSP). Be it the dependency and insane tracking of Google Play Services, locking down of device trees to hinder custom ROM development, all the AI stuff being put into the system, or most recently (and perhaps worst), removing the ability of installing apps per your own wishing - it's become sort of like a "death by a thousand papercuts" situation. While the AOSP isn't exactly dead (yet), it kind of feels like it's just a question of time. Therefore, I've decided to jump ship. I'm installing linux on my phone.

The mobile linux space isn't exactly looking good right now, but it holds some promise. Ubuntu Touch managed to survive being abandoned by Canonical, and postmarket is still seeing good development even if not having great hardware adapation at the moment. SailfishOS (even if it has proprietary parts) has also made great progress with strong support for android apps on official devices and what seems to be a real good launch of their Jolla 2.

Personally I'm lucky enough to own a Fairphone 4 that just so happens to support all of these. After a bit back and forth I've ultimately ended up with SailfishOS. Overall it's a good system - I like the gesture based navigation and its application framework is beautiful. It's also cool how it's very linux. If I have an issue or something I want to tinker with I can just ssh over from my PC either wirelessly or via USB. It's not without it's issues though. For some reason it ships horribly outdated versions of python and glibc making some things more difficult than needed, and waydroid and GPS is broken on the fairphone port - worth noting an unofficial port. Many of the community-built apps are also either in-part or completely slop-coded, such as a whatsapp client that I (sadly) am dependant on.

Ubuntu Touch is also an option, but isn't without it's own bag of issues. Waydroid runs there which is a huge plus, but notifications and clipboard doesn't sync across making it really hard to use ie. Bitwarden (Sailfish has an unofficial port which is almost flawless). The default and native apps are pretty lackluster compared to both Android and Sailfish. Among other things I was unable to figure out how to block phone numbers, a highly needed feature for anyone that has VIVO as their cellular provider. I'm also not a big fan of how the UI works with app navigation and with the "top bar"/"drop down menu". If you want to know more about it, The Linux Experiments has some good videos on both youtube and peertube.

Sadly, I won't be able to abandon android completely yet. The no waydroid means that I can't access some apps that I need be it for online verification for logging onto bank and government services in Norway or apps I need for my own security here in Brazil such as Uber. Luckily I've had a Galaxy A17 lying around as a backup phone for half a year now which I can carry around for these exact services. I just open up a wifi hotspot from my FP4, do the exact tasks, and close it off again. Other than that, I will try to avoid using it as much as physically possible.

As this progresses I will take note of what works and what doesn't before making either a proper writeup or video in a while. It's not gonna be easy, but hopefully it will be worth it.

Oh, and slight spoilers for what my experience with Sailfish is after some usage, but I might go ahead and buy a Jolla Phone 2 when I return to Norway.

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