Cloudflare Turnstile 需要可指纹识别的 WebGL
Cloudflare Turnstile requiring fingerprintable WebGL

原始链接: https://hacktivis.me/articles/cloudflare-turnstile-webgl-fingerprinting

Cloudflare 的“Turnstile”验证服务已开始封锁基于 WebKitGTK 的浏览器,其手段是强制要求进行 WebGL 设备指纹识别——作者谴责这种做法是一种侵入式追踪。由于 WebKit 在设计上会阻止此类指纹识别方法,导致这些浏览器陷入了无限验证循环。 作者认为,Cloudflare 实际上已经封杀了 WebKitGTK,同时却为 Safari 创建了隐性例外。此外,文章还批评了 Mozilla Firefox,指出尽管其宣称具有“增强型隐私保护”,但 Firefox 仍会泄露足够的 GPU 信息以通过 Turnstile 验证。作者指出,即使开启了 Firefox 更严格的 `privacy.resistfingerprinting` 模式,也只能勉强满足 Cloudflare 的要求。这暗示随着 Cloudflare 加大力度推行以激进设备追踪为优先、而非以用户匿名性为前提的反机器人措施,注重隐私的用户可能很快将面临被完全排除在外的困境。

最近的一场 Hacker News 讨论凸显了人们对 Cloudflare “Turnstile” 机器人检测机制的担忧。该机制严重依赖侵入性的浏览器指纹识别技术(包括 WebGL 数据)来识别用户。批评者认为,这种做法严重损害了用户隐私,并为 Cromite 等注重隐私的浏览器设置了巨大障碍——这些浏览器在不牺牲安全配置的情况下,很难绕过此类检查。 这场讨论反映了人们对“防止机器人”与“个人隐私”之间权衡的普遍质疑。一些参与者认为,与基于 IP 的封锁或耗费资源的“工作量证明”(Proof-of-Work)相比,激进的指纹识别是目前“最不糟糕”的选择;而另一些人则认为,如果不牺牲用户匿名性,机器人防御在根本上是不可能实现的。 感到沮丧的用户呼吁采取更严格的监管措施,特别是在欧盟范围内,以禁止激进的浏览器指纹识别。总体而言,评论者对 Cloudflare 的手段持不信任态度,一些开发者甚至因其排他性和侵入性,开始重新考虑是否继续使用 Turnstile。
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原文

Since about a week, Cloudflare Turnstile (their "Verify you're human" device verification) has been looping indefinitely in my webkit-gtk based browser. Preventing access to quite few websites (previously, but it even went worse lately).
Turns out it's because Cloudflare wants to have a fingerprint of your device via WebGL, the only reason for doing this would be tracking.

Screenshot of Turnstile test page, "WebGL renderer info is spoofed"

Their pro-tracking non-justification copied here just in case:

Turnstile uses browser fingerprinting to verify you're human. Privacy tools that block or randomize fingerprinting make your browser look like a bot trying to hide its identity. Temporarily allowing fingerprinting for this site will fix the issue.

Such things are blocked in WebKit, and have been for years. Meaning it's tracking so awful that even Apple would block it, and as far as I can tell it's not the kind of privacy protection you can easily disable in it.
So Cloudflare just banned all WebKitGTK browsers as I guess they put an exception for Safari.

As an aside, if you're wondering, Mozilla Firefox screwed up their WebGL fingerprinting protection: Bugzilla#1916271: Gecko reveals sanitized GPU Characteristics; webkit and blink return hardcoded strings for all users

Screenshot of Turnstile test page on Firefox 145.0 passing with no issues.

Plus privacy.resistfingerprinting isn't enabled even when selecting "Strict" "Enhanced Privacy Protection" in the settings, great job there Mozilla.
But I guess with it enabled, privacy-conscious Firefox users might not be able to pass Cloudflare's device verification in the future.

Screenshot of Turnstile test page on Firefox 145.0 passing with just "Canvas Randomization Detected"; after enabling privacy.resistfingerprinting manually.
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