苹果终止 Epic Games 开发者帐户,称其对 iOS 构成“威胁”
Apple terminates Epic Games developer account, calling it a 'threat' to iOS

原始链接: https://techcrunch.com/2024/03/06/apple-terminates-epic-games-developer-account-calling-it-a-threat-to-the-ios-ecosystem/

3 月 5 日,苹果因被指控“严重违反”《数字市场法》而终止了 Epic Games 的开发者帐户。 在此之前,Epic 公开批评了苹果提议的规则变更,并兑现了在 DMA 的帮助下将《堡垒之夜》带回欧洲 iOS 设备的承诺。 Epic 辩称,终止其账户将阻碍其成为苹果 App Store 强有力竞争对手的能力。 苹果声称 Epic 的行为构成故意违约,导致两家公司之间失去信任。 此前,Epic 和解了苹果公司对其提起的反垄断诉讼,导致苹果公司行使其合同权利终止与 Epic Games 任何子公司或相关实体的业务关系。

首先,让我澄清一下:应用程序供应商和向独立游戏开发商销售的独立软件开发工具供应商或软件开发工具包 (SDK) 供应商之间存在显着差异。 这些是非常不同类型的关系,尽管它们可能与该帖子的作者感觉相似。 像虚幻引擎母公司 Epic 这样的 ISDK 供应商选择在 iOS 应用交付机制方面与 Apple 建立高度敌对的关系。 他们的动机似乎主要是由《堡垒之夜》的成功所驱动,尤其是年轻玩家,他们倾向于使用用真实货币购买的游戏内货币在 iOS 设备上的应用程序中大方消费。 这可能看起来不公平或不合逻辑,但他们对苹果作为“看门人”的立场似乎主要是因为这款产品获得了广泛的普及。 正如一位评论员今天早些时候指出的那样,这种成功部分是以苹果从这些购买中赚取佣金为代价的。 然而,更广泛的影响似乎会损害依赖虚幻引擎和 Epic 及其相关附属公司的其他相关产品的独立游戏开发商。 同样,Unity 是另一个与 Unreal 争夺市场主导地位的引擎,尽管它更注重原生 Android 和 iOS 移动设备之外的跨平台游戏应用程序开发。 同样,虚幻的成功对整个全球移动游戏行业产生了大大小小的重大影响。 关于“客户”的可能解释,需要理解的是,从苹果的角度来看,客户既包括从选定的第三方移动应用程序中购买可购买商品的应用程序消费者,也包括使用软件开发工具包开发应用程序的专业软件开发人员( SDK)以及来自竞争工具包的引擎,例如 Unreal、Unity、Monocube 等。 然而,无论术语如何,应该清楚的是,Epic 或使用 Apple 专有技术堆栈、操作系统或 SDK(以及相关技术)向 iOS 设备开发或发布任何类型内容的任何人在逻辑上都没有资格成为直接竞争对手或主要竞争对手 到苹果本身。 因此,苹果对出售给间接购买者(即寻求在 iOS 上开发和发布有利可图的移动娱乐特许经营权的应用程序和游戏开发商)的产品设置限制是不合理的。 虽然所有主要移动设备和 Io
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原文

The Apple-Epic saga has taken a new turn today as the Fortnite game developer, Epic Games, shared that Apple has terminated its developer account. This is a reversal from the earlier approval of Epic’s account last month, which Epic said would allow it to bring back Fortnite to iOS devices in the EU by way of the region’s new law, the Digital Markets Act (DMA). But Epic now says Apple’s lawyers have sent it a letter saying it’s terminating its Epic Games Sweden AB account — a move Epic calls a “serious violation of the DMA” and an indication that Apple has no intention of “allowing true competition on iOS devices.”

“In terminating Epic’s developer account, Apple is taking out one of the largest potential competitors to the Apple App Store. They are undermining our ability to be a viable competitor and they are showing other developers what happens when you try to compete with Apple or are critical of their unfair practices,” writes Epic on its company blog, where it has also published copies of its correspondence with Apple.

The game developer alleges that one of the reasons Apple provided to support its decision was Epic’s criticism of Apple’s proposed DMA rules, including this post on X (formerly Twitter) by Epic Games CEO Tim Sweeney. Of course, Epic has been a thorn in Apple’s side, having taken it to court over antitrust concerns and lobbying for regulations in multiple markets to crack down on Apple’s power and influence over the app economy. As a result, Apple would rather be done with Epic, it seems. According to Epic, Apple reportedly told the company that it’s “a threat to their ecosystem.”

However, Epic said that it has publicly shared its intentions and then again assured Apple in writing that it would agree with all the terms of its developer agreements after requesting one of the DMA consultations that Apple is offering its App Store developers. (The request was initially denied). It was after agreeing to abide by its rules that Apple’s lawyers sent a letter terminating its Epic Games Sweden AB account.

Epic claims the tech giant is retaliating against it for speaking out, as a letter penned by Apple exec Phil Schiller indicates.

“In the past, Epic has entered into agreements with Apple and then broken them,” Schiller reminds the game maker in the letter dated February 23, 2024. “You also testified that Epic deliberately violated Apple’s rules, to make a point and for financial gain. More recently, you have described our DMA compliance as ‘hot garbage,’ a ‘horror show,’ and a ‘devious new instance of Malicious Compliance.’ And you have complained about what you called ‘Junk Fees’ and ‘Apple taxes.”

Schiller suggests that Epic’s “colorful criticism” combined with its past actions “strongly suggests that Epic Sweden does not intend to follow the rules.” He adds that another intentional breach could “threaten the integrity of the iOS platform, as well as the security and privacy of users.”

“…in plain, unqualified terms, please tell us why we should trust Epic at this time,” he concludes.

It noted, too, that its company has contractual relationships with Apple going back to 2010 for Epic’s Games, Unreal Engine, and other creator tools and Apple itself has been a public supporter of Epic’s Unreal Engine.

In response to Epic’s news, Apple shared the following statement:

Epic’s egregious breach of its contractual obligations to Apple led courts to determine that Apple has the right to terminate ‘any or all of Epic Games’ wholly owned subsidiaries, affiliates, and/or other entities under Epic Games’ control at any time and at Apple’s sole discretion.’ In light of Epic’s past and ongoing behavior, Apple chose to exercise that right.

The company also told us its right to terminate Epic’s account is based on the September 2021 judgment which resulted from Epic’s litigation against Apple. This judgment stated that “Apple has the contractual right to terminate its DPLA with any or all of Epic Games’ wholly owned subsidiaries, affiliates, and/or other entities under Epic Games’ control at any time and at Apple’s sole discretion.”

Apple noted, too, that Epic Games Sweden entered into the Apple Developer Progam License Agreement via a click-through agreement, which had not involved any executive review by Apple at that time.

Updated, 3/6/24, 12:44 p.m. ET with Apple’s statement

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