蒙大拿州率先颁布“计算权法案”
Montana passes Right to Compute act (2025)

原始链接: https://www.westernmt.news/2025/04/21/montana-leads-the-nation-with-groundbreaking-right-to-compute-act/

蒙大拿州已成为美国首个将“计算权”写入法律的州,通过了SB 212《蒙大拿州计算权法案》(MRTCA)。这项具有里程碑意义的立法保障了公民拥有、访问和使用计算资源和人工智能工具的权利,优先考虑数字隐私和可访问性。 MRTCA包含关键保障措施,将政府监管限制在紧迫的公共安全需求范围内,并强制执行安全协议——包括用于控制关键基础设施的人工智能的关闭机制。该法案由丹尼尔·佐尔尼科夫参议员和前沿研究所倡导,与其它州出现的更严格的科技立法形成对比。 支持者认为MRTCA是保护数字时代个人自由的重要一步,类似的立法努力在新罕布什尔州等州也正在获得进展。由Haltia.AI等组织支持的全球“计算权”运动强调计算访问对于创新和个人自由至关重要。

蒙大拿州通过了“计算权法案”,旨在吸引人工智能和数据中心投资。该法案大幅限制政府监管,要求任何限制都必须针对令人信服的公共安全或健康利益进行精准设定。然而,它*也*强制要求对人工智能控制的关键基础设施制定安全协议,包括关闭机制和年度风险评估。 Hacker News上的评论员对此表示怀疑,认为该法律将行业利益置于公众关注之上——本质上允许大型公司在极少的监督下运营,同时为小型实体设置障碍。 提出的担忧包括潜在的负面影响,如电力成本增加、噪音污染和监控,这些都被关于人工智能安全的言论所掩盖。 许多人认为,这项“权利”并非关于个人的计算自由,而是为了促进大规模数据中心建设,并减少监管障碍。 关于标题中“计算”是作为名词还是动词使用存在争议,但核心批评集中在该法律可能导致不受制约的公司权力。
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原文

HELENA, MT — Last Thursday, Governor Greg Gianforte signed SB 212, the Montana Right to Compute Act (MRTCA), marking the state as the first in the nation to secure comprehensive rights for citizens to own and utilize computational and artificial intelligence tools. This legislation positions Montana at the forefront of safeguarding digital privacy and technology accessibility.

The newly signed law not only ensures the fundamental rights to own, access, and use computational resources but also incorporates several critical safeguards:

  • Strict limits on governmental regulation wherein any restrictions must be demonstrably necessary and narrowly tailored to a compelling public safety or health interest.
  • Mandatory safety protocols for AI-controlled critical infrastructure, including a shutdown mechanism and compulsory annual risk management reviews.

The initiative, propelled by advocacy from State Senator Daniel Zolnikov and organizations like the Frontier Institute, contrasts with recent restrictive legislation efforts in states like California and Virginia. Zolnikov, a noted advocate for privacy, has been instrumental in pushing for tech-friendly policies that ensure individual liberties in an evolving digital landscape.

“As governments around the world and in our own country try to crack down on individual freedom and gain state control over modern technologies,” Zolnikov said. “Montana is doing the opposite by protecting freedom and restraining the government.”

“With the passage of the Right to Compute Act, Montana has planted a flag in the ground, affirming that here, we will treat attempts to infringe on fundamental rights in the digital age with the utmost scrutiny,” remarked Tanner Avery, Policy Director at the Frontier Institute.

Rep. Keith Ammon from New Hampshire praised Montana’s initiative, stating, “Congratulations to Senator Zolnikov and the Montana Legislature for being the first to establish the ‘right to compute’ in law! I expect other states to follow your lead and protect citizens’ right to access and express themselves through computation.” This sentiment echoes the broader national movement towards similar protections, with legislative efforts underway in New Hampshire and other states.

Globally, the Right to Compute campaign, supported by groups like Haltia.AI and the ASIMOV Protocol, emphasizes the essential nature of computational access as fundamental to innovation and personal freedom. “The Right to Compute bill in Montana is a monumental step forward in ensuring that individuals retain their right to control their own data, protect their privacy, and engage with technology on their own terms,” said Talal Thabet, Co-Founder of Haltia.AI and ASIMOV Protocol.

For more information about the Right to Compute movement and ongoing developments, visit RightToCompute.ai and follow on X @RightToCompute.

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